Shelley Memorial Award
Description
O Legado de Shelley na Poesia Americana
O Shelley Memorial Award é um dos prémios mais prestigiados dedicados à poesia nos Estados Unidos, administrado pela Poetry Society of America (PSA). Instituído em 1929, o prémio é concedido anualmente a um poeta americano vivo que tenha demonstrado excelência e originalidade na sua obra poética. O valor monetário do prémio tem variado ao longo dos anos, mas o seu reconhecimento é o que verdadeiramente o distingue. O nome do prémio é uma homenagem ao poeta romântico inglês Percy Bysshe Shelley, conhecido pelas suas ideias radicais, lirismo apaixonado e visão utópica. A PSA escolheu honrar Shelley, um poeta que, apesar de ter vivido e publicado a maior parte da sua obra no Reino Unido, teve uma influência profunda e duradoura na poesia mundial, incluindo a americana.
Critérios de Atribuição
Os critérios para a atribuição do Shelley Memorial Award centram-se na qualidade intrínseca da obra do poeta. Não se trata de um prémio para um livro específico, mas sim para a carreira e o corpo de trabalho de um poeta. A PSA procura reconhecer aqueles que, de acordo com a sua declaração de missão, 'demonstraram excelência e originalidade na sua obra poética'. Isto implica que os laureados são geralmente poetas que já estabeleceram uma reputação significativa, cujos poemas são admirados pela sua profundidade, inovação formal, poder emocional e perspicácia intelectual. A originalidade é um fator chave, sugerindo que o prémio valoriza poetas que empurram os limites da linguagem poética, exploram novas formas de expressão ou abordam temas de maneiras inovadoras.
Laureados Ilustres
A seleção dos vencedores é feita por um comité de jurados, geralmente composto por poetas e académicos de renome. Este processo garante que a decisão seja tomada com base em um julgamento literário criterioso e informado. Ao longo da sua história, o prémio foi concedido a alguns dos mais importantes poetas americanos do século XX e XXI, incluindo figuras como T.S. Eliot (embora ele fosse um cidadão americano que viveu a maior parte da sua vida adulta na Inglaterra, o prémio reconheceu a sua herança americana), Wallace Stevens, William Carlos Williams, Marianne Moore, Elizabeth Bishop, Robert Lowell, John Ashbery, Adrienne Rich, Galway Kinnell, Louise Glück, Rita Dove, e, mais recentemente, poetas como Brenda Shaughnessy e Marilyn Nelson. A lista de laureados reflete um compromisso com a diversidade de estilos, vozes e perspetivas dentro da poesia americana.
Importância Cultural e Origens do Financiamento
A relevância do Shelley Memorial Award reside na sua capacidade de destacar e celebrar a poesia numa era em que a atenção para as artes pode ser dispersa. Ao focar-se exclusivamente na poesia e ao honrar poetas que moldaram e continuam a moldar o panorama literário, a PSA reforça a importância da poesia como forma de arte vital e essencial. O prémio não só confere prestígio ao laureado, mas também atrai a atenção do público e da crítica para a sua obra e para a poesia em geral. A sua longevidade e a qualidade consistente dos seus destinatários solidificaram o seu lugar como um marco no calendário literário americano. Curiosamente, o prémio foi inicialmente financiado por um legado de Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, a esposa de Percy Bysshe Shelley, e por doações de admiradores do poeta, o que sublinha a ligação histórica e afetiva do prémio à figura de Shelley.
Winners
Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn
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Redd Foxx
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Robert Henri
Reed Markham
Robert Hughes
Samuel P. Huntington
Vikrant Parsai
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Robert G. Allen
Robert Herrick
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Samuel Goldwyn
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Peter Medawar
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Samuel Hazo
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Robert Fulghum
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Robert Greenleaf
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Peter de Gaston Levis
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Raymond Smullyan
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Peter Kropotkin
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Sally Ride
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Pioneer Motto
Kahil Gibran
Sally Forth
Raymond Lindquist
Rev. Patrick Coomer
Pope Julius III
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Po Bronson
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Samuel Cunningham
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PJ Uppal
Doctor of Medicine
Victoria Holt
Raymond Holliwell
Pilpay
Plontius
Anna Jameson
Pindar
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Pooja
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Denis Johnston
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Sam Ewig
Pope Gregory The Great
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
Sam Snead
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Ann Douglas
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Vidal Sassoon
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Raymond Loewy
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Ray Kroc
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Anne Bradstreet
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F. Phelps
Joyce Duco
Sally Poplin
Saleh Aburuman
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Juan Ramon Jiminez
Claude Monet
Plautus
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Joseph Fischer
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Sam James Ervin Jr.
Piet Mondrian
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Ann Landers
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Dr. Joyce Brothers
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Pink Floyd
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Sam Brown
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Samual Rutherford
Sam Rayburn
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Pierre Gallois
Barbara Adams
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Pierre Bayle
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